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Tuesday, October 09, 2012

Beginning Performance Tuning By Arup Nanda - Artical from ORACLE MAGAZINE

Extract of Beginning Performance Tuning By Arup Nanda - Artical from ORACLE MAGAZINE
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/issue-archive/2012/12-jul/o42dba-1566567.html

Query for displaying sessions, session state, and events

select sid, state, event from v$session where username = 'ARUP';

SID   STATE              EVENT
————— —————————————————  ————————————————————————————
2832  WAITED KNOWN TIME  SQL*Net message from client
3346  WAITING            enq: TX - row lock contention


Query for displaying sessions, session state, and wait details


col "Description" format a50
select sid,decode(state, 'WAITING','Waiting','Working') state,
        decode(state,'WAITING','So far '||seconds_in_wait,'Last waited '||wait_time/100)||' secs for '||event "Description"
from v$session where username = 'ARUP';

Output:

SID   STATE       Description
————— ——————————  ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————
2832  Working     Last waited 2029 secs for SQL*Net message from client
3346  Waiting     So far 743 secs for enq: TX - row lock contention
4208  Waiting     So far 5498 secs for SQL*Net message from client



You can find out the blocking session and instance by issuing the following SQL statement:

select blocking_session B_SID,blocking_instance B_Inst from v$session
where sid = 3346;

B_SID   B_INST
——————  ———————
 2832      1


Getting row lock information

select row_wait_obj#,row_wait_file#,row_wait_block#,row_wait_row#
from v$session where sid = 3346;

ROW_WAIT_OBJ#  ROW_WAIT_FILE#  ROW_WAIT_BLOCK#  ROW_WAIT_ROW#
—————————————  ——————————————  ———————————————— ——————————————
241876         1024            2307623          0



To get the object information:

select owner, object_type, object_name, data_object_id from dba_objects
where object_id = 241876;

OWNER  OBJECT_TYPE  OBJECT_NAME   DATA_OBJECT_ID
—————  ———————————— ————————————  ——————————————
ARUP   TABLE        T1                    241877



Finding the row information

REM Filename: rowinfo.sql
REM This shows the row from the table when the
REM components of ROWID are passed. Pass the
REM following in this exact order
REM  1. owner
REM  2. table name
REM  3. data_object_id
REM  4. relative file ID
REM  5. block ID
REM  6. row Number
REM
select *
from &1..&2
where rowid =
        dbms_rowid.rowid_create (
                rowid_type      =>  1,
                object_number   => &3,
                relative_fno    => &4,
                block_number    => &5,
                row_number      => &6
        )
/

SQL> @rowinfo ARUP T1 241877 1024 2307623 0

COL1  C
————— —
  1   x


Sessions from a specific user

select SID, osuser, machine, terminal, service_name,
       logon_time, last_call_et
from v$session
where username = 'ARUP';

SID   OSUSER  MACHINE   TERMINAL  SERVICE_NAME  LOGON_TIME LAST_CALL_ET
————— ——————  ———————   ————————  ————————————  —————————— ————————————
3346  oradb   prodb1    pts/5     SYS$USERS     05-FEB-12          6848
2832  oradb   prodb1    pts/6     SERV1         05-FEB-12          7616
4408  ANANDA  ANLAP     ANLAP     ADHOC         05-FEB-12             0



Session waits for a specific machine

col username format a5
col program format a10
col state format a10
col last_call_et head 'Called|secs ago' format 999999
col seconds_in_wait head 'Waiting|for secs' format 999999
col event format a50
select sid, username, program,
        decode(state, 'WAITING', 'Waiting',
                'Working') state,
last_call_et, seconds_in_wait, event
from v$session
where machine = 'appsvr1'
/



Getting the SQL
Another key piece of performance tuning information is the SQL statement a session is executing, which will provide more insights into the workings of the session. The same V$SESSION view also shows the SQL statement information. The SQL_ID column in the V$SESSION view shows the ID of the last SQL statement executed. You can get the text of that SQL statement from the V$SQL view, using the SQL_ID value. Here is an example of how I have identified the SQL statement executed by the session that appears slow to the user.



select sql_id from v$session
where sid = 3089;

SQL_ID
—————————————————
g0uubmuvk4uax

set long 99999
select sql_fulltext
from v$sql
where sql_id = 'g0uubmuvk4uax';
SQL_FULLTEXT
————————————————————————————————————————
update t1 set col2 = 'y' where col1 = 1



Data Access Issues
I have used row-level locking as the cause of a slowdown in this article. Although locking-related contention is a very common cause, it is not the only cause of performance problems. Another major cause of contention is disk I/O. When a session retrieves data from the database data files on disk to the buffer cache, it has to wait until the disk sends the data. This wait shows up for that session as “db file sequential read” (for index scans) or “db file scattered read” (for full-table scans) in the EVENT column, as shown below:



select event from v$session where sid = 3011;

EVENT
—————————————————————————
db file sequential read

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